from the inguinal ligament there is a femoral canal and the artery that goes through there is called the femoral artery (it has a different name before it passes through that canal). the femoral artery passes down to a hole provided by the adductor magnus muscle and once it passes through that hole it is called the popleteal artery which runs behind the knee. after passing the knee it goes through a hole in the interosseous membrane which is the membrane between the tibia and fibula and after passing that hole it's called the anterior tibial artery.
back up to the top - the femoral artery branches off after going through the femoral canal and that branch is called the deep femoral artery or, with a little Latin flair is called the profundus femoral artery and that artery has to immediate branches which come off it called the medial circumflux artery which makes a U-turn and provides blood to the posterior side of the neck of the femur. the other branch is the lateral circumflux artery which provides blood to the anterior side of the neck of the femor. below those two branches there are 4 perforating branches of the deep femoral artery and i think those supply blood to the adductor magnus (among other things)
In the Poleteal region of the artery (in the knee area) we have the superior medial and lateral genicular arteries, the middle genicular artery and inferior lateral and medial genicular arteries. there are also two sural arteries which branch off the popleteal artery and supply blood to the lateral and medial heads of the gastrocnemius. the .....i think it's the inferior medial genicular artery which is just superior to the poplitius muscle which is used to lock the knee when we are standing.
While the anterior tibial artery (ATA) is the part that runs through the interosseus membrane, the other branch stays posterior in the leg and is called the peroneous or fibular artery.
I believe it's the ATA which then becomes the dorsalis artery ...dorsalis something artery??? which changes names shortly after the ankle and becomes something else -
I know there's an arcuate artery down there and medial and lateral arteries in the foot but am not sure where they come from
BUT - everything I just wrote is from memory - some of the spelling may be off but at least I've got something to work with.
oh, just below the adductor hiatus, the popliteal artery has a branch called the saphenous artery which is a terminal cutaneous artery
The talus bone in the foot is one of two bones in the body that doesn't have any muscles attached to it - i believe the other one is the incus muscle in the ear. The talus bone in the ankle region is sometimes called a mortar joint as it's sandwiched between the lateral and medial malleolus
i've got a pretty good start on the muscles - kind of lost on all the ligaments ...
anterior thigh -
vastus medialis & lateralis, rectus femoris, rectus intermedius, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, obturator externus, sartorius
and the sartorius, gracilius and semitendinosus form the pes ansurance (goose foot) triad of tendons which insert on the medial side of the superior portion of the tibia.
The biceps femoris has a long and short head, the semimembranosis lies deep to the semitendinosis which we already mentioned, on the lateral portion of the thigh we have the tensor facia lattae muscle which connects with the iliotibial or IT band.
How about the butt??? ok, let's see - we have the ....
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
gluteus minimus,
the tensor fascia lattae is sometimes listed as part of this region
the superior gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
quadratus femoris muscle ...
...I'm missing one - let me check ....
OMG! would you believe it - i missed the piriformis muscle - I should know that one better than any of the rest!
anyway -
we have Tom, Dick and Harry in the posterior leg ....anterior ti....geez, if it's an anterior muscle then we aren't talking about any anterior muscles -
so, let's make that the anterior leg - Tom, Dick an Harry - Tibialis Anterior, Extensor Hallucis Longus and Extensor digitorum longus along with the peroneus tertius
laterally, we have the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis - we know we have those two becuase the peroneus tertius muscle means the "third" (from tert)
and since we have extensor muscles it would be a good idea to have flexor muscles in the rear of the leg - and we do - flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus and tibialis posterior - again - Tom, Dick an Harry -
the 'an' part of Tom Dick an Harry means "artery and nerve"
those three muscles have a Dad in the rear - a POP - a popliteus muscle (previously mentioned)
the superficial muscles of the back of the leg include the gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris
the plantaris muscle is very cool looking! :)
OK - on the dorsum of the foot we only have two muscles - think about this - they're on top so they better be extensors - right?
how about extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis
bottom of the foot - i know this one!
layer one -
abductor hallucis
abductor digiti minimi
flexor digitorum brevis
layer two -
quadratus plantae
lumbricals (one medial, four lateral)
layer three -
flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digiti minimi brevis
adductor hallucis
layer four -
dorsal interossei (4 of them)
plantar interossei (3 of them)
let me check my list and see if I missed anything ...
i did pretty well - there is also an articularis genus in the anterior thigh along with the illiopsoas muscle (made up of the psoas major and iliacus) but, other than that I pretty much nailed it
now i just need to know each artery that goes to each one of those muscles as well as the names of each nerve and then brush up on all those ligaments and then memorize all the back muscles we just started studying ....
I think I'm ready for bed now :)
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